Provides an introduction to global Christianity from 1700 to the mid 20th C. This book aims to help students understand the processes, movements and individuals who have contributed to making the contemporary Christian landscape the shape it is in the 21st century. It also summarizes the developments within the Christian Church in the UK.

1 Introduction

About this book

Key themes in modern church history

Global Christianity in 1648

Part 1 (1648-1789)

Timeline: World Events, 1648-1789

2 European Protestantism after 1648

The aftermath of war

The state of the churches

Reaction against confessionalization (i): Pietism

Reaction against confessionalization (ii): Deism and the Enlightenment

3 Roman Catholicism

The eighteenth-century papacy

The Church in the Baroque era

Church and state in the pre-revolutionary period

Hierarchy and clergy

Catholic devotion

Catholic mission

4 The ‘Babylonian Captivity’ of the Eastern Churches

East and West

Russia

Christianity under Ottoman rule

5 The Churches in Britain, Ireland, and North America, 1688-1789

Timeline: Events in Britain, Ireland, and North America, 1689-1789

England and Wales

Scotland

Ireland

Christianity in the New World

6 The Rise of Evangelicalism

What was Evangelicalism?

The rise of Evangelicalism

Evangelicalism and the churches

The ‘Great Awakening’: early North American Evangelicalism

Part 2 1789-1914

Timeline: World Events, 1789-1914

7 Orthodoxy

Russia

Ottoman domination and its legacy

8 Rome, Revolution, and Reaction

Revolution

Reaction

Popular piety

9 European Protestantism during the Nineteenth Century

The challenges of modern thought

Biblical criticism

Church and state

Renewal movements

10 The Churches in Nineteenth-Century Britain (I): Church and State in England and Wales

Timeline: Events in Britain and Ireland, 1789-1914

Roman Catholicism

Anglicanism

From Dissenters to Nonconfirmists to Free Churchmen

11 The Churches in Nineteenth-Century Britain (II): Growth and Division

The 1851 Religious Consensus

The effectiveness of outreach

The changing roles of women

The growth of non-Anglican Christianity in Ireland

Division and pluralism in Scotland

12 Christianity in the United States

The development of religious pluralism

The churches and the black community

Adapting to the American context

Theological developments

American religious creations

13 Western Christian Social Thought to 1914

Roman Catholic social teaching

German and Scandinavian Protestantism responds to social need

British Christian social thought

The ‘Social Gospel’ in North America

14 Nineteenth-Century Expansion Outside Europe

Where did Christianity expand?

The main types of agency

The missionaries

Missionary strategy

Missions and colonization

The emergence of indigenous churches

Edinburgh 1910

Part 3 1914 to the Present

Timeline: 1914-2007

15 The Impact of Two World Wars

World War I and the churches

The rise of Neo-Orthodoxy

Christians, Jews, and Nazis in in inter-war Europe

World War II, the Holocaust, and the churches

16 The Eastern Churches from 1917

Communism and its impact

East and West

The churches in the Middle East

17 Christianity in the West - Change or Decline?

Defining our terms

The state of the churches

Theological developments

18 Pentecostalism and the Charismatic Movement

Pentecostal development

The global spread of Pentecostalism

The Charismatic Movement

19 The Ecumenical movement

Roots

Global ecumenical organizations

The World Council of Churches

Changing conceptions of ecumenism and its goals

Other approaches to ecumenism

20 Twentieth-Century Roman Catholicism

Papacy, church, and state

Social and ethical thought before Vatican II

Vatican II

The Church since Vatican II

21 The British Churches

Timeline: Events in Britain, 1914-2007

The churches and society

Industrial developments

Ecumenism

New traditions

Changes in worship

22 Global Christianity

The shift in the centre of Christian gravity away from the post-Christian West

The churches and national identity

The growth of regional theologies

From missions to mission

23 Conclusion

Glossary

Suggested Further Reading

Index of Names and Subjects